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Alcohol Consumption and Periodontitis: Quantification of Periodontal Pathogens and Cytokines
Author(s) -
Lages Eugênio J.P.,
Costa Fernando O.,
Cortelli Sheila C.,
Cortelli José R.,
Cota Luís O.M.,
Cyrino Renata Magalhães,
Lages Elizabeth M.B.,
NobreFranco Gilson C.,
Brito João A.R.,
Gomez Ricardo S.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2015.150087
Subject(s) - fusobacterium nucleatum , periodontitis , prevotella intermedia , porphyromonas gingivalis , eikenella corrodens , aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , aggressive periodontitis , medicine , gingival and periodontal pocket , alcohol , dentistry , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , bacteria , biochemistry , genetics
Background: There are few studies on periodontal status related to microbiologic and immunologic profiles among individuals not or occasionally using alcohol and those with alcohol dependence. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of alcohol consumption on the levels of subgingival periodontal pathogens and proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐1β and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]‐α) in the gingival fluid among individuals with and without periodontitis. Methods: This observational analytic study includes 88 volunteers allocated in four groups (n = 22): individuals with alcohol dependence and periodontitis (ADP), individuals with alcohol dependence and without periodontitis (ADNP), individuals not or occasionally using alcohol with periodontitis (NAP), and individuals not or occasionally using alcohol without periodontitis (NANP). Levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia , Eikenella corrodens , and Fusobacterium nucleatum were determined by real‐time polymerase chain reaction on the basis of the subgingival biofilm, and IL‐1β and TNF‐α were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in gingival fluid samples. Results: Individuals with alcohol dependence showed worse periodontal status and higher levels of P. intermedia , E. corrodens , F. nucleatum , and IL‐1β than non‐users. No significant correlations between TNF‐α and bacterial levels were observed. However, in the ADP group, higher levels of E. corrodens were correlated with higher levels of IL‐1β. Conclusion: A negative influence of alcohol consumption was observed on clinical and microbiologic periodontal parameters, as well as a slight influence on immunologic parameters, signaling the need for additional studies.