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β2‐Glycoprotein I‐Dependent Anti‐Cardiolipin Antibodies Associated With Periodontitis in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Author(s) -
Wang ChenYing,
Chyuan ITsu,
Wang YaLi,
Kuo Mark YenPing,
Chang ChingWen,
Wu KingJean,
Hsu PingNing,
Nagasawa Toshiyuki,
Waraaswapati Nawarat,
Chen YiWen
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2015.140664
Subject(s) - treponema denticola , porphyromonas gingivalis , antibody , medicine , periodontitis , immunology , saliva , lupus erythematosus , erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Background : It was reported that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) exhibited increased levels of anticardiolipin (anti‐CL) antibodies, a class of antiphospholipid antibodies associated with thrombosis. β2‐glycoprotein I (β2GPI) has been considered as the actual target antigen for anti‐CL antibodies. This study investigates the association of periodontal infection with anti‐CL antibodies in patients with SLE. Methods: Fifty‐three SLE female patients and 56 healthy female volunteers were recruited in this case‐control study. All participants received periodontal examinations. The presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola in saliva and plaque samples was detected by polymerase chain reaction. Levels of serum anti‐CL and anti‐β2GPI antibodies were examined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Patients with SLE exhibited more periodontal attachment loss and increased titers of serum anti‐CL and anti‐β2GPI antibodies compared with healthy controls. Patients with active SLE who harbored P. gingivalis or P. gingivalis together with T. denticola intraorally exhibited significantly higher anti‐CL and anti‐β2GPI antibodies than those without these bacteria. Anti‐CL and anti‐β2GPI antibody levels correlated positively with clinical attachment level. Furthermore, increased anti‐β2GPI antibody levels were significantly associated with C‐reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Conclusions: Elevated anti‐CL and anti‐β2GPI antibody levels were associated with periodontopathic bacteria and periodontal breakdown in patients with SLE. Periodontitis might be a modifiable risk factor for SLE.