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Antimicrobial Activity of Platelet‐Rich Plasma and Other Plasma Preparations Against Periodontal Pathogens
Author(s) -
Yang LiChiu,
Hu SuhWoan,
Yan Min,
Yang JawJi,
Tsou SingHua,
Lin YuhYih
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2014.140373
Subject(s) - aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , fusobacterium nucleatum , porphyromonas gingivalis , platelet rich plasma , antimicrobial , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , chemistry , bacterial growth , platelet , periodontal pathogen , streptococcus mutans , in vitro , periodontal disease , biology , immunology , medicine , biochemistry , dentistry , genetics
Background: In addition to releasing a pool of growth factors during activation, platelets have many features that indicate their role in the anti‐infective host defense. The antimicrobial activities of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and related plasma preparations against periodontal disease–associated bacteria were evaluated. Methods: Four distinct plasma fractions were extracted in the formulation used commonly in dentistry and were tested for their antibacterial properties against three periodontal bacteria: Porphyromonas gingivalis , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , and Fusobacterium nucleatum . The minimum inhibitory concentration of each plasma preparation was determined, and in vitro time‐kill assays were used to detect their abilities to inhibit bacterial growth. Bacterial adhesion interference and the susceptibility of bacterial adherence by these plasma preparations were also conducted. Results: All plasma preparations can inhibit bacterial growth, with PRP showing the superior activity. Bacterial growth inhibition by PRP occurred in the first 24 hours after application in the time‐kill assay. PRP interfered with P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans attachment and enhanced exfoliation of attached P. gingivalis but had no influences on F. nucleatum bacterial adherence. Conclusions: PRP expressed antibacterial properties, which may be attributed to platelets possessing additional antimicrobial molecules. The application of PRP on periodontal surgical sites is advisable because of its regenerative potential and its antibacterial effects.