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Periodontal bacterial invasion and infection: contribution to atherosclerotic pathology
Author(s) -
Reyes Leticia,
Herrera David,
Kozarov Emil,
Roldá Silvia,
ProgulskeFox Ann
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2013.1340012
Subject(s) - periodontal disease , disease , biology , in vivo , pathology , bacteria , inflammation , medicine , animal studies , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , dentistry , genetics
Objective: The objective of this review was to perform a systematic evaluation of the literature reporting current scientific evidence for periodontal bacteria as contributors to atherosclerosis. Methods: Literature from epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies concerning periodontal bacteria and atherosclerosis were reviewed. Gathered data were categorized into seven “proofs” of evidence that periodontal bacteria: 1) disseminate from the oral cavity and reach systemic vascular tissues; 2) can be found in the affected tissues; 3) live within the affected site; 4) invade affected cell types in vitro; 5) induce atherosclerosis in animal models of disease; 6) non‐invasive mutants of periodontal bacteria cause significantly reduced pathology in vitro and in vivo; and 7) periodontal isolates from human atheromas can cause disease in animal models of infection. Results: Substantial evidence for proofs 1 to 6 was found. However, proof 7 has not yet been fulfilled. Conclusions: Despite the lack of evidence that periodontal bacteria obtained from human atheromas can cause atherosclerosis in animal models of infection, attainment proofs 1 to 6 provides support that periodontal pathogens can contribute to atherosclerosis.