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Accuracy of Self‐Reported Periodontal Disease in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
Author(s) -
LaMonte Michael J.,
Hovey Kathleen M.,
Millen Amy E.,
Genco Robert J.,
WactawskiWende Jean
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2013.130488
Subject(s) - medicine , periodontology , observational study , periodontitis , oral hygiene , clinical attachment loss , periodontal examination , dentistry , periodontal disease , disease
Background: This study examines the accuracy of self‐reported periodontal disease in a cohort of older females. Methods: The study comprised 972 postmenopausal females aged 53 to 83 years who completed baseline (1997 to 2001) and follow‐up (2002 to 2006) whole‐mouth oral examinations. Examinations included: 1) probing depth, 2) clinical attachment level, and 3) oral radiographs for alveolar crestal height in a study ancillary to the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI‐OS) conducted in Buffalo, New York, called the OsteoPerio study. Participants also self‐reported any history of diagnosis of periodontal/gum disease on a WHI‐OS study‐wide questionnaire administered during the time interval between the two OsteoPerio examinations. Results: Participants reporting diagnosis of periodontal/gum disease on the WHI‐OS questionnaire (n = 259; 26.6%) had worse oral hygiene habits, periodontal disease risk factors, and clinical periodontal measures compared with those not reporting periodontal/gum disease. Frequency of reported periodontal/gum disease was 13.5%, 24.7%, and 56.2% across OsteoPerio baseline examination categories of none/mild, moderate, and severe periodontal disease, respectively (trend: P <0.001), defined by criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for reported periodontal disease status were 56.2%, 78.8%, 32.8%, and 90.7%, respectively, when CDC/AAP‐defined severe periodontal disease at baseline was the criterion measure (prevalence of 15%) and were 76.0%, 77.4%, 22.0%, and 97.4%, respectively, when tooth loss to periodontitis (prevalence of 7%) was the criterion. Conclusion: A simple question for self‐reported periodontal disease characterizes periodontal disease prevalence with moderate accuracy in postmenopausal females who regularly visit their dentist, particularly in those with more severe disease.