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Gingival Crevicular Fluid Matrix Metalloproteinase‐8 Levels Predict Treatment Outcome Among Smokers With Chronic Periodontitis
Author(s) -
Leppilahti Jussi M.,
Kallio Mikko A.,
Tervahartiala Taina,
Sorsa Timo,
Mäntylä Päivi
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2013.130156
Subject(s) - medicine , chronic periodontitis , periodontitis , clinical attachment loss , dentistry , bleeding on probing , gastroenterology , matrix metalloproteinase
Background: Molecular biomarkers are needed for diagnostic use in periodontal diseases. The aim of this study is to explore different gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (MMP‐8) patterns in smokers and non‐smokers with chronic periodontitis (CP) and test the utility of baseline GCF MMP‐8 levels in predicting categorically assessed treatment outcomes. Methods: The study population comprised 15 patients with CP (five non‐smokers and 10 smokers). GCF sampling of five to seven periodontal sites per patient was done at baseline, post‐treatment, and bimonthly during the maintenance period from 8 to 12 months. GCF MMP‐8 levels were measured with an immunofluorometric assay. MMP‐8 response patterns were explored by cluster analysis. The ability of baseline MMP‐8 levels to predict categorical treatment outcomes was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: GCF MMP‐8 response patterns could be clustered into two different site profiles among both smokers and non‐smokers. Smoker site profiles 1 and 2 had significantly different clinical attachment level and gingival recession changes by the end of the maintenance period. In smoker sites, baseline MMP‐8 levels significantly predicted the categorical treatment outcome. Conclusions: Baseline GCF MMP‐8 levels strongly predict how MMP‐8 levels behave during the maintenance period. In smoker sites, high baseline MMP‐8 levels indicate weak treatment response.