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Fluoxetine Inhibits Inflammatory Response and Bone Loss in a Rat Model of Ligature‐Induced Periodontitis
Author(s) -
BrancodeAlmeida Luciana S.,
Franco Gilson C.,
Castro Myrella L.,
dos Santos Juliana G.,
Anbinder Ana Lia,
Cortelli Sheila C.,
Kajiya Mikihito,
Kawai Toshihisa,
Rosalen Pedro L.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2011.110370
Subject(s) - fluoxetine , ligature , periodontitis , medicine , inflammatory response , dentistry , rat model , inflammation , pharmacology , serotonin , receptor
Background: Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has been found recently to possess anti‐inflammatory properties. The present study investigates the effects of fluoxetine on inflammatory tissue destruction in a rat model of ligature‐induced periodontal disease. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 10 animals per group): 1) control rats (without ligature); 2) rats with ligature + placebo (saline; oral gavage); and 3) rats with ligature + fluoxetine (20 mg/kg/day in saline; oral gavage). Histologic analyses were performed on the furcation region and mesial aspect of mandibular first molars of rats sacrificed at 15 days after ligature‐induced periodontal disease. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and zymography were performed to analyze the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)‐1β, cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 and inducible nitric oxide synthase and the MMP‐9 activity, respectively, in gingival tissues samples. Results: Compared to the ligature + placebo group, alveolar bone loss was reduced in the fluoxetine group ( P <0.05), and the amount of collagen fibers in the gingival tissue was maintained. Moreover, in gingival tissue sampled 3 days after ligature attachment, fluoxetine administration reduced IL‐1β and COX‐2 mRNA expression. Fluoxetine downregulated MMP‐9 activity, without affecting MMP‐9 mRNA expression induced by ligature, compared to the ligature + placebo group ( P <0.05). These data suggest that fluoxetine suppressed proinflammatory responses, as well as proteolytic enzyme activity, induced by ligature. Conclusion: In the present study, fluoxetine suppresses the inflammatory response and protects against periodontal bone resorption and destruction of collagen fibers, suggesting that fluoxetine can constitute a promising therapeutic approach for periodontal diseases.