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Biologic Width and Morphologic Characteristics of Soft Tissues Around Immediately Loaded Implants: Studies Performed on Human Autopsy Specimens
Author(s) -
Romanos George E.,
Traini Tonino,
Johansson Carina B.,
Piattelli Adriano
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2009.090364
Subject(s) - maxilla , mandible (arthropod mouthpart) , medicine , soft tissue , dentistry , connective tissue , surgery , biology , pathology , botany , genus
Background: Esthetics and the health of oral implants are based upon the soft tissue reaction and biologic width (BW). Methods: Twelve dental implants were placed in the maxilla and mandible of a patient who smoked. Permanent standard abutments and temporary restorations were immediately fixed in place during the surgery stage. The definitive restorations were placed 4 months after loading without removal of the original abutments. After 10 months, the patient died, and the implants were removed en block and processed for histology. Results: The BW in the maxilla was 6.5 ± 2.5 mm, whereas in the mandible, it was 4.8 ± 1.3 mm ( P = 0.017). The sulcular epithelium (SE) in the maxilla was 2.7 ± 0.8 mm, whereas in the mandible, it was 1.7 ± 0.4 mm ( P <0.001). The junctional epithelium (JE) in the maxilla was 1.3 ± 0.4 mm, whereas in the mandible, it was 1.5 ± 0.5 mm ( P = 0.164). The connective tissue (CT) in the maxilla was 2.5 ± 1.3 mm, whereas in the mandible, it was 1.6 ± 0.4 mm ( P = 0.006). In the maxillary bone, the BW, SE, and CT were significantly longer than in the mandible, whereas for the JE, no statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusion: The soft tissue organization around dental implants was different for upper and lower jawbones.