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Periodontal Conditions of Individuals With Sjögren's Syndrome
Author(s) -
Antoniazzi Raquel Pippi,
Miranda Letícia Algarves,
Zanatta Fabricio Batistin,
Islabão Alexandre Garcia,
Gustafsson Anders,
Chiapinotto Geraldo Augusto,
Oppermann Rui Vicente
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2009.080350
Subject(s) - medicine , bleeding on probing , saliva , gastroenterology , sjögren syndrome , elastase , periodontal disease , dentistry , autoimmune disease , disease , biochemistry , chemistry , enzyme
Background: Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that might lead to hyposalivation and negatively affect the oral environment. The evidence with regard to the periodontal conditions in this group of subjects is still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the periodontal clinical conditions and inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SjS [P]) or secondary Sjögren's syndrome (SjS [S]) compared to a control group. Methods: Nineteen individuals with SjS (11 SjS [P] and eight SjS [S]) and 19 controls, matched for gender, age, and tobacco exposure, were selected from two private clinics and a hospital. The groups were compared for stimulated whole saliva (SWS) flow rate, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment level (CAL), and total amount of interleukin (IL)‐1β and total elastase activity in the GCF. Generalized estimating equations were used for data analysis. Results: Individuals with SjS had a significantly lower SWS flow rate and higher mean PI, GI, PD, CAL, and BOP than controls. After adjustment for plaque, GI remained significantly higher in patients with SjS. Patients with SjS (S) had significantly higher mean CAL and PD than patients with SjS (P), and CAL and BOP remained significantly higher in this subgroup after adjustment. No differences were observed with regard to the GCF inflammatory markers. After adjusting for PD, subjects with SjS (P) showed lower levels of IL‐1β compared to controls. Conclusion: SjS seemed to negatively affect the periodontal condition because gingival inflammation was more evident in the individuals with SjS, particularly those with SjS (S).