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Correlates of Periodontal Decline and Biologic Markers in Older Adults
Author(s) -
Swoboda Jessica R.,
Kiyak H. Asuman,
Darveau Richard,
Persson G. Rutger
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2008.080005
Subject(s) - tannerella forsythia , medicine , clinical attachment loss , periodontitis , chronic periodontitis , prevotella intermedia , aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , gastroenterology , c reactive protein , demographics , dentistry , osteoporosis , interleukin 6 , porphyromonas gingivalis , cytokine , inflammation , pathology , demography , honeysuckle , alternative medicine , traditional chinese medicine , sociology
Background: There is limited information on infectious and host responses distinguishing older people with or without active periodontitis. This study measured bacterial and serum cytokine and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in older persons. Methods: Elders (mean age: 67 years), whose periodontal status had declined most or least (20% worst or 20% best) over 5 years, were enrolled. Two years later, they were classified as periodontally declining (active periodontitis [AP]), if they had at least five teeth with probing depth (PD) ≥5 mm, or stable (stable periodontally [SP]), if they did not. Groups were compared with respect to demographics, PD, clinical loss of attachment, subgingival bacteria, serum hsCRP, interleukin (IL)‐1β and −6, and chronic diseases. Results: Ten AP and 24 SP subjects were identified; 13% of women and 44% of men from the original sample were in the AP group ( P <0.05). Most Asians were SP; most whites and all African Americans were classified as having AP ( P <0.01). More AP elders had osteoporosis ( P <0.01), but the AP and SP groups did not differ with respect to IL‐1β and −6 or hsCRP. Bacterial counts were higher in the AP group for Parvimonas micra (previously Peptostreptococcus micros or Micromonas micros ) (7.7 × 10 5 cells versus 3.8 × 10 5 cells; P <0.05), Prevotella intermedia (25.7 × 10 5 cells versus 9.8 × 10 5 cells; P <0.01), Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis ) (16.2 × 10 5 cells versus 8.0 × 10 5 cells; P <0.05), and Streptococcus mutans (6.2 × 10 5 cells versus 2.0 × 10 5 cells; P <0.01). Three risk factors were most predictive of periodontal decline: PD, osteoporosis, and being white or African American. Conclusion: Periodontal decline was associated with osteoporosis, ethnicity, PD, gender, serum hsCRP, and levels of four bacterial species.