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Histologic Evaluation of Early Human Bone Response to Different Implant Surfaces
Author(s) -
Grassi Sauro,
Piattelli Adriano,
de Figueiredo Luciene Cristina,
Feres Magda,
de Melo Leandro,
Iezzi Giovanna,
Alba Rodolfo Candia,
Shibli Jamil Awad
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2006.050325
Subject(s) - trephine , implant , dentistry , osseointegration , medicine , fixation (population genetics) , maxilla , mandible (arthropod mouthpart) , orthodontics , surgery , biology , environmental health , genus , population , botany
Background: Studies have demonstrated that roughened dental implant surfaces show firmer bone fixation and an increased percentage of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC%) compared to commercially pure titanium‐surface (machined) implants. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of implant‐surface topography on human bone tissue after 2 months of unloaded healing. Methods: Fourteen subjects with a mean age of 46.87 ± 9.45 years received two microimplants each (2.5 mm in diameter and 6 mm in length), one test (sandblasted acid‐etched surface) and one control (machined surface), either in the mandible or in the maxilla. After a healing period of 2 months, the microimplants and surrounding tissues were removed with a trephine bur and prepared for histologic analysis. Results: All microimplants, except for one of the controls, were clinically stable after the healing period. Histometric evaluation indicated that the mean BIC% was 23.08% ± 11.95% and 42.83% ± 9.80% for machined and rough microimplant surfaces, respectively ( P = 0.0005). The bone area within the threads was also higher for sandblasted‐surface implants ( P = 0.0005). The mean percentage of bone density did not differ between the two groups ( P = 0.578). Conclusion: Data from the present histological study suggest that the sandblasted acid‐etched implant provides a better human bone tissue response than machined implants under unloaded conditions after a healing period of 2 months.