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Effects of Selective Cyclooxygenase‐2 Inhibitor and Omega‐3 Fatty Acid on Serum Interleukin‐1β, Osteocalcin, and C‐Reactive Protein Levels in Rats
Author(s) -
VardarŞengül Saynur,
Buduneli Nurcan,
Buduneli Eralp,
Baylas Haluk,
Atilla Gül,
Lappin David,
Kinane Denis F.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2006.050164
Subject(s) - celecoxib , medicine , omega 3 fatty acid , endocrinology , cyclooxygenase , fatty acid , chemistry , osteocalcin , saline , polyunsaturated fatty acid , biochemistry , docosahexaenoic acid , enzyme , alkaline phosphatase
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selective cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitor, celecoxib, and omega‐3 fatty acid on serum levels of interleukin 1‐beta (IL‐1β), osteocalcin (OC), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) in experimental periodontitis. Methods: Experimental periodontitis in rats was induced by repeated injection of purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Escherichia coli endotoxin. Forty‐seven adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into five study groups as follows: saline control, LPS, LPS + celecoxib, LPS + omega‐3 fatty acid, and LPS + celecoxib + omega‐3 fatty acid. Celecoxib and omega‐3 fatty acid were given alone or in combination during 14 days of the experimental study period. At the end of the 2‐week protocol, serum samples were obtained, and the rats were sacrificed. Serum samples were analyzed for IL‐1β, OC, and CRP concentrations by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Defleshed jaws were analyzed morphometrically for alveolar bone loss. Data were evaluated statistically by non‐parametric tests. Results: According to the morphometric measurements, the LPS and drug treatment groups showed significantly higher bone loss than the saline control group ( P <0.05). Omega‐3 fatty acid, both alone and in combination with celecoxib, revealed significantly higher IL‐1β levels than LPS and celecoxib groups ( P <0.05). Individual and combined administration of celecoxib and omega‐3 fatty acid significantly increased OC levels compared to the LPS group ( P <0.05). There were no significant differences in serum CRP levels. Conclusions: Celecoxib and/or omega‐3 fatty acid administration does not significantly influence circulating levels of CRP. The significantly increased serum OC level observed after individual and combination administration suggests that celecoxib and omega‐3 fatty acid may influence bone remodeling and thereby inhibit the progression of alveolar bone resorption. However, the failure to observe any significant inhibition of bone loss in celecoxib‐ and/or omega‐3 fatty acid‐treated rats compared to the LPS group suggests that their therapeutic effect may be reduced by other factors, such as increases in serum IL‐1β promoting osteoclast activity.