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A Preliminary Study on Oxygen Saturation Levels of Patients During Periodontal Surgery with and without Oral Conscious Sedation Using Diazepam
Author(s) -
Aeschliman Steven D.,
Blue Mark S.,
Williams Karen B.,
Cobb Charles M.,
MacNeill Simon R.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2003.74.7.1056
Subject(s) - sedation , anesthesia , diazepam , medicine , anesthetic , oxygen saturation , crossover study , oxygen , chemistry , alternative medicine , organic chemistry , pathology , placebo
Background: Stress and anxiety alter respiratory rate and thereby alter oxygen saturation in the blood. Management of psychological stress in the dental office may help maintain blood gas homeostasis. One method of stress management is through the use of preoperative oral sedation. Methods: The study population consisted of 13 patients scheduled to receive two quadrants of periodontal surgery at two different appointments. A randomized split‐mouth crossover design was used with one quadrant of surgery involving preoperative oral sedation (diazepam) and local anesthetic, and the second using local anesthetic only. Oxygen saturation was monitored by pulse oximetry, which recorded the number of times saturation dropped below 95% in a given time period. Data were recorded at 5 time periods: 1) baseline; 2) from time of anesthetic administration to 20 minutes into surgery; 3) 21 to 40 minutes; 4) 41 to 60 minutes; and 5) 61 to 80 minutes into the surgery. Data were analyzed by a two‐factor repeated measures ANOVA. The two within‐group factors were treatment group and time. Results: Results indicated no significant interaction between time and treatment ( P >05). However, data for groups over time suggested a trend supporting an interaction. The η 2 value of 0.124 suggested a moderate effect favoring the diazepam treatment. No significant difference was noted for the main effect of treatment and time. However, the η 2 value of 0.24 for treatment effect (diazepam versus no diazepam) suggested a meaningful difference between groups. Similarly the η 2 value of 0.135 for time suggested a moderate effect over time within‐subjects. Conclusions: This study indicates that diazepam given orally in adult dosages does not cause significant respiratory depression, and is generally safe for those healthy patients who may require slight to mild sedation during periodontal surgery. J Periodontol 2003;74:1056‐1059 .