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Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Bone Removal Using Er:YAG and CO 2 Lasers
Author(s) -
Sasaki Katia M.,
Aoki Akira,
Ichinose Shizuko,
Yoshino Toshiaki,
Yamada Sachiko,
Ishikawa Isao
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.2002.73.6.643
Subject(s) - er:yag laser , laser , scanning electron microscope , materials science , irradiation , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , laser ablation , ablation , erbium , spectroscopy , analytical chemistry (journal) , optics , chemistry , composite material , medicine , physics , chromatography , quantum mechanics , nuclear physics
Background: A thorough analysis of laser‐ablated bone tissue is required before applying the technique to osseous surgery. In this study, we examine the morphological features and chemical composition of the bone surface after Er:YAG and CO 2 lasers ablation. Methods: Six Wistar rats were used. An Er:YAG laser was used for ablation at an output energy of 100 mJ/pulse and a pulse rate of 10 Hz (1 W). Continuous CO 2 laser irradiation was performed at an output energy of 1 W. Sites drilled using a conventional micromotor were used as controls. Analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed. Results: Er:YAG laser ablation produced a groove with similar dimensions to that produced by bur drilling, whereas the CO 2 laser produced only a charred line with minimal tissue removal. SEM observations revealed that the groove produced by the Er:YAG laser had well‐defined edges and a smear layerfree surface with a characteristically rough appearance and with entrapped fibrin‐like tissue. The melting and carbonization produced by the CO 2 laser were not observed on sites irradiated by the Er:YAG laser. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the chemical composition of the bone surface after Er:YAG laser ablation was much the same as that following bur drilling. The production of toxic substances that occurred after CO 2 laser irradiation was not observed following Er:YAG laser irradiation or bur drilling. Conclusion : These results suggest that the use of Er:YAG laser ablation may become an alternative method for oral and periodontal osseous surgery. J Periodontol 2002;73:643‐652.