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Root Substance Removal by Scaling and Root Planing
Author(s) -
Zappa U.,
Smith B.,
Simona C.,
Graf H.,
Case D.,
Kim W.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.1991.62.12.750
Subject(s) - scaling and root planing , stroke (engine) , dentistry , materials science , orthodontics , chemistry , medicine , periodontitis , physics , chronic periodontitis , thermodynamics
T he amount of root substance removed by scaling and root planing is largely unknown. The present study evaluated in vitro the root substance loss caused by a defined number of working strokes at known forces. Forty extracted teeth with loss of connective tissue attachment into the middle third of the roots were washed and embedded in plaster, leaving one entire corono‐apical tooth aspect exposed. The teeth were reproducibly repositioned in a bench‐vise, where a profilometer repeatedly measured root surface levels at the same location. In a standard area of the roots a total of 40 working strokes were applied. Low forces were used in 30 teeth and high forces in 10 teeth. The forces were recorded using a piezo‐electric receiver built into the upper shank of the curet. Root substance loss was measured after 5, 10, 20, and 40 working strokes. The results showed that the mean low force used per working stroke across all 40 strokes was 3.04 Newtons for the low forces, and 8.48 Newtons for the high forces. Mean cumulative loss of root substance across 40 strokes was 148.7 μm at low forces, and 343.3 μ at high forces. The mean force per stroke increased slightly across the 40 strokes, while substance removal per stroke decreased. Substance removal per stroke during strokes 1 to 5 was 6.8 μm using low forces and 20.6 μm using high forces. During strokes 21 to 40 mean removal per stroke was 2.3 μm at low forces, and 5.6 μm at high forces. These results suggest that high forces remove more root substance, and loss per stroke becomes less with increasing numbers of strokes. J Periodontol 1991; 62:750‐754 .