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Effects of Anesthetics Containing Epinephrine on Catecholamine Levels During Periodontal Surgery
Author(s) -
Davenport Robert E.,
Porcelli Robert J.,
Iacono Vincent J.,
Bonura Concetta F.,
Mallis George I.,
Baer Paul N.
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.1990.61.9.553
Subject(s) - epinephrine , lidocaine , medicine , anesthesia , catecholamine , crossover study , local anesthesia , blood pressure , placebo , alternative medicine , pathology
N ine stable cardiovascular disease patients were evaluated in a double‐blind crossover trial during periodontal surgery using 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 or lidocaine alone. In the lidocaine with epinephrine group, epinephrine levels increased from 198 ±54 pg/ml to 592±166 pg/ml at 2 minutes post‐injection. In the lidocaine alone group, epinephrine levels increased from a baseline of 115±34 pg/ml to 150±34 pg/ml at 2 minutes post‐injection. Despite these elevations in epinephrine, no significant changes in heart rate or mean arterial pressure were noted. Plain lidocaine provided unsatisfactory levels of hemostasis and/or anesthesia during periodontal surgery. This study documents acute elevations in plasma epinephrine levels following local dental anesthesia for periodontal surgery. These elevations in plasma epinephrine failed to produce a significant cardiovascular response in a group of stable cardiovascular disease patients. This suggests that the cardiac effects of local anesthetics containing epinephrine are small and that they can be safely used in stable cardiovascular disease patients. J Periodontol 1990 ; 61 : 553 – 558 .