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Smoking and Periodontal Disease: A Review of the Literature
Author(s) -
RiveraHidalgo Francisco
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
journal of periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.036
H-Index - 156
eISSN - 1943-3670
pISSN - 0022-3492
DOI - 10.1902/jop.1986.57.10.617
Subject(s) - gingivitis , periodontal disease , medicine , periodontitis , oral hygiene , dentistry , disease , host factors , immunology , virus
The literature related to smoking and periodontal disease is reviewed. The effects of smoking on oral hygiene, gingivitis, necrotizing gingivitis, periodontitis, bacteria and the host's response are presented. From this review it is apparent that while the relationship between smoking and periodontal disease needs further study, smoking is detrimental to periodontal health as it worsens the oral hygiene status and depresses the host's defense posture.