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THE EFFECTS OF A PRE‐TIME‐OUT STIMULUS ON MATCHING‐TO‐SAMPLE OF HUMANS 1, 2
Author(s) -
Miller Nuran Baydan,
Zimmerman Joseph
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.75
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1938-3711
pISSN - 0022-5002
DOI - 10.1901/jeab.1966.9-487
Subject(s) - stimulus (psychology) , reinforcement , stimulus control , psychology , audiology , time perception , developmental psychology , neuroscience , social psychology , cognitive psychology , medicine , cognition , nicotine
In each of two experiments human subjects were intermittently reinforced with money on a fixed‐ratio schedule for emitting correct matching responses. A pre‐time‐out stimulus which signaled removal of positive reinforcement was periodically superimposed. In the first experiment the superimposed pre‐time‐out stimulus was paired with a 1‐min or 4‐min response‐independent time out. In the second experiment the pre‐time‐out stimulus was paired with a 1‐min or 4‐min time out contingent on the incorrect responses. The pre‐time‐out stimulus did not markedly influence performance when the time out was response independent. In contrast, the pre‐time‐out stimulus markedly suppressed incorrect responding when the time out was contingent on the incorrect responses. When duration of this time‐out was increased from 1‐min to 4‐min, suppression of incorrect responding increased and correct responding was suppressed. Therefore, behavioral suppression by a pre‐time‐out stimulus was obtained only when the signaled aversive event—time out—was response produced. In this case, suppression was influenced by time‐out duration.