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PUNISHMENT AS A DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS AND CONDITIONED REINFORCER WITH HUMANS 1
Author(s) -
Ayllon T.,
Azrin N. H.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.75
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1938-3711
pISSN - 0022-5002
DOI - 10.1901/jeab.1966.9-411
Subject(s) - reinforcement , psychology , stimulus control , discriminative model , stimulus (psychology) , punishment (psychology) , operant conditioning , audiology , cognitive psychology , animal behavior , developmental psychology , social psychology , neuroscience , artificial intelligence , medicine , computer science , nicotine , zoology , biology
Mental hospital patients were reinforced for responding in a two‐response operant situation. When a noise was used to punish one of the responses, all subjects shifted to the unpunished one. When the noise was then paired with positive reinforcement, the subjects responded to produce the noise. Also, a novel response was reinforced by noise in the absence of other reinforcers. This study with humans extends the findings of previous studies with animals in revealing how a punishing stimulus can acquire discriminative or conditioned reinforcing properties.