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PRODUCING EITHER POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE TENDENCIES TO A STIMULUS ASSOCIATED WITH SHOCK 1
Author(s) -
Evans Wayne O.
Publication year - 1962
Publication title -
journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.75
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1938-3711
pISSN - 0022-5002
DOI - 10.1901/jeab.1962.5-335
Subject(s) - reinforcement , tone (literature) , stimulus (psychology) , psychology , shock (circulatory) , audiology , extinction (optical mineralogy) , electric shock , developmental psychology , social psychology , cognitive psychology , physics , medicine , optics , art , literature , quantum mechanics
A technique is described in which rats are pretrained with reinforcement to bar press. Each bar press was associated with a tone. This tone was later paired with one of two aspects of an electric shock, either at the onset or at the end of the shock, in a situation in which the shock is inescapable. These animals were retested in the operant situation under conditions of extinction, but with tone present as a conditioned reinforcer. The finding was that animals for which the tone was associated with shock onset extinguished quickly, whereas animals for which the tone was paired with shock termination extinguished more slowly.