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A FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF PHOTO‐OBJECT MATCHING SKILLS OF SEVERELY RETARDED ADOLESCENTS
Author(s) -
Dixon Lois S.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
journal of applied behavior analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1938-3703
pISSN - 0021-8855
DOI - 10.1901/jaba.1981.14-465
Subject(s) - matching (statistics) , object (grammar) , artificial intelligence , representation (politics) , computer vision , identity (music) , psychology , cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition , enhanced data rates for gsm evolution , pattern recognition (psychology) , computer science , mathematics , statistics , aesthetics , philosophy , politics , political science , law
Matching‐to‐sample procedures were used to assess picture representation skills of severely retarded, nonverbal adolescents. Identity matching within the classes of objects and life‐size, full‐color photos of the objects was first used to assess visual discrimination, a necessary condition for picture representation. Picture representation was then assessed through photo‐object matching tasks. Five students demonstrated visual discrimination (identity matching) within the two classes of photos and the objects. Only one student demonstrated photo‐object matching. The results of the four students who failed to demonstrate photo‐object matching suggested that physical properties of photos (flat, rectangular) and depth dimensions of objects may exert more control over matching than the similarities of the objects and images within the photos. An analysis of figure‐ground variables was conducted to provide an empirical basis for program development in the use of pictures. In one series of tests, rectangular shape and background were removed by cutting out the figures in the photos. The edge shape of the photo and the edge shape of the image were then identical. The results suggest that photo‐object matching may be facilitated by using cut‐out figures rather than the complete rectangular photo.