THE EFFECTS OF A TOKEN REINFORCEMENT PROCEDURE ON BUS RIDERSHIP  1 | Zendy

Everett Peter B. | Zendy; Hayward Scott C. | Zendy; Meyers Andrew W. | Zendy

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THE EFFECTS OF A TOKEN REINFORCEMENT PROCEDURE ON BUS RIDERSHIP 1

Author(s) -

Everett Peter B.,

Hayward Scott C.,

Meyers Andrew W.

Publication year - 1974

Publication title -

journal of applied behavior analysis

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1

H-Index - 76

eISSN - 1938-3703

pISSN - 0021-8855

DOI - 10.1901/jaba.1974.7-1

Subject(s) - token economy , reinforcement , security token , psychology , population , variety (cybernetics) , multiple baseline design , computer science , social psychology , artificial intelligence , computer network , environmental health , medicine , psychiatry , intervention (counseling)

Tokens, exchangeable for a variety of back‐up reinforcers, were delivered for several days to all persons boarding a clearly marked campus bus. This procedure increased ridership to 150% of baseline. The experiment was carried out to demonstrate the applicability of operant techniques to urban transportation problems. In this study, a token reinforcement procedure was introduced in an attempt to increase bus ridership while holding the costs of reinforcers to a minimum and circumventing the problems of individual satiety and preferences and of delivering cumbersome reinforcers. A methodology for establishing a token‐exchange procedure in an “open‐field” behavior setting, where the subject population size, geographic location, preferences, age, sex, preferred hours of mobility, etc . are unspecified, is also presented.

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