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Enantioselectivity in chronic toxicology and accumulation of the synthetic pyrethroid insecticide bifenthrin in Daphnia magna
Author(s) -
Zhao Meirong,
Wang Cui,
Liu Kevin K.,
Sun Liwei,
Li Ling,
Liu Weiping
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1897/08-527.1
Subject(s) - daphnia magna , bifenthrin , chronic toxicity , toxicity , biology , toxicology , enantioselective synthesis , pyrethroid , aquatic toxicology , ceriodaphnia dubia , enantiomer , acute toxicity , pesticide , chemistry , pharmacology , stereochemistry , biochemistry , ecology , organic chemistry , catalysis
Introduced in the early 1980s, synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) are widely used in controlling a multitude of agricultural and domestic insect species, but they are highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates. To date, however, studies have not adequately associated enantioselectivity in biological behavior with toxicity, especially regarding uptake and chronic toxicity. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between chronic enantioselective toxicity and enantioselective accumulation of cis ‐bifenthrin ( cis ‐BF) in Daphnia magna by 14 C‐labeled assay. The results demonstrated a clear enantioselectivity in chronic toxicity, for which 1 R ‐ cis ‐BF was evidently more toxic to D. magna than 1 S‐cis ‐BF. The lowest‐observed‐effective concentration in terms of survival and fecundity for 1 R‐cis ‐BF were almost 40‐ and 80‐fold higher than that of 1 S‐cis ‐BF on day 7 and day 14, respectively. Further studies indicated that the accumulation of 1 R‐cis ‐BF was approximately 14‐ to 40‐fold more than that of 1 S‐cis ‐BF in D. magna . This enantioselective accumulation also was consistent with the enantioselectivity in chronic toxicity of cis ‐BF. Thus, our results support the notion that enantioselectivity in chronic toxicity may be caused primarily by an enantiomer‐specific biological process, such as uptake in aquatic organisms. This suggests that to properly assess the risk associated with use of SPs, the potential for enantioselectivity in their biotransformation and toxicity should be evaluated concurrently.