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Effect of organic carbon content, clay type, and aging on the oral bioavailability of hexachlorobenzene in rats
Author(s) -
Saghir Shakil A.,
Bartels Michael J.,
Budinsky Robert A.,
Harris Jr., Eric E.,
Clark Amy J.,
Staley Jennifer L.,
Chai Yunzhou,
Davis John W.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1897/07-121r.1
Subject(s) - bioavailability , environmental chemistry , chemistry , sediment , hexachlorobenzene , total organic carbon , clay minerals , zoology , mineralogy , pollutant , geology , organic chemistry , biology , paleontology , bioinformatics
Bioavailability of lipophilic chemicals is influenced by the physicochemical properties of soils/sediment such as particle size, pH, clay, and organic carbon content. The present study investigated the effects of sediment composition and aging on the oral bioavailability of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in rats. Formulated sediments were prepared using various ratios of kaolinite and montmorillonite clay, sand, peat moss, and black carbon, spiked with 14 C‐HCB, and orally administered to rats prior to and after one year of aging in dark at 10°C. In the nonaged sediments there was a 21 to 45% reduction in the oral bioavailability of HCB when compared to the corn oil standard without any clear pattern of the impact of the sediment clay and/or organic carbon content. One year of aging resulted in statistically significant ( p = 0.049) reduction in the oral bioavailability of HCB from the sediments compared to the corn oil standard and nonaged sediment indicating stronger interactions between HCB and sediment contents with aging. The mean reduction in oral bioavailability after one year of aging ranged from approximately 5 to 14% greater than that observed for nonaged sediments. The fecal elimination of the HCB‐derived radioactivity from the one‐year‐aged sediments was much higher than the nonaged sediments, consistent with the lower absorption from the gastrointestinal tract due to lower desorption of HCB from the aged sediments. Increase in the fecal elimination and decrease in oral bioavailability of 14 C‐HCB was related to the increase in clay and black carbon.