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Subchronic organismal toxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and feeding response of pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) to lindane (γ‐HCH) exposure under experimental conditions
Author(s) -
Anguiano Gerardo,
LleraHerrera Raul,
Rojas Emilio,
VazquezBoucard Celia
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1897/06-377r3.1
Subject(s) - genotoxicity , crassostrea , lindane , toxicity , cytotoxicity , toxicology , environmental chemistry , pacific oyster , ecotoxicology , biology , chemistry , oyster , pesticide , biochemistry , ecology , in vitro , organic chemistry
This study evaluated organismal toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity and the filtration rate in response to different concentrations of subchronic lindane (gamma‐hexachlorocyclohexane [γ‐HCH]), exposure (12 d) in adult Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed in vivo in laboratory aquaria to 10 different concentrations (0.0–10.0 mg/L) of γ‐HCH. The median lethal concentration (LC50) after 12 d was calculated as 2.22 mg/L. Cytotoxic effects were observed in hemocytes, where the mean cell viability was significantly decreased at 1.0 mg/L of γ‐HCH after 12 d. Genotoxicity of γ‐HCH measured by single cell gel electrophoresis assay, in hemocytes was evident at 0.7 mg/L of γ‐HCH after 12 d. After 4 h of exposure to γ‐HCH, filtration rates were reduced compared with controls to 65.8 and 38.2% at concentrations of 0.3 and 0.7 mg/L, respectively, and after 11 d of exposure, filtration rates were reduced to 60.4 and 30.9% at concentrations of 0.1 mg/L and higher. These results show the subchronic effects of γ‐HCH at different concentrations and effect sensitivities are categorized as filtration rate < genotoxicity < cytotoxicity < mortality. The relevance of integral toxicity evaluation, considering different endpoints from molecular, cellular, and individual levels is discussed.