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Accumulation and elimination of dietary arsenobetaine in two species of fish, Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) and Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.)
Author(s) -
Amlund Heidi,
Francesconi Kevin A.,
Bethune Claudette,
Lundebye AnneKatrine,
Berntssen Marc H. G.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1897/05-107r1.1
Subject(s) - arsenobetaine , gadus , salmo , atlantic cod , fishery , biology , chemistry , arsenic , fish <actinopterygii> , inorganic arsenic , organic chemistry
Despite the fact that marine fish contain relatively high concentrations of the naturally occurring arsenic compound arsenobetaine, little is known about the disposition of arsenobetaine in fish. We investigated the accumulation, distribution, and elimination of dietary arsenobetaine in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) and Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.), with the focus on muscle, liver, and kidney tissues. The fish were exposed to dietary arsenobetaine (24.7 ± 0.6 μg As/g feed) for three months, followed by a three‐month depuration period. The two species showed marked differences in the accumulation and elimination of arsenobetaine. Total arsenic concentrations in Atlantic salmon increased significantly in muscle, liver, and kidney, whereas in Atlantic cod, a significant increase in total arsenic concentration was observed only in muscle. Elimination kinetics in muscle were distinct between the two species, with elimination half‐lives from muscle tissue estimated at approximately 77 d in Atlantic cod and 37 d in Atlantic salmon, resulting in an absorption efficiency approximately twofold higher in Atlantic cod (15 ± 1%) compared to that in Atlantic salmon (8 ± 1%). The differences in arsenobetaine disposition studied in Atlantic salmon and Atlantic cod contribute to explain the differences in arsenic levels observed among marine fish.