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Fish critical cellular residues for surfactants and surfactant mixtures
Author(s) -
Bernhard Mary Jo,
Dyer Scott D.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1897/04-234r.1
Subject(s) - dodecylbenzene , pulmonary surfactant , chemistry , residue (chemistry) , sulfonate , cationic polymerization , chromatography , in vivo , sodium , ec50 , chloride , in vitro , biochemistry , organic chemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
The feasibility of using in vitro methods to predict in vivo critical body residue (CBR) for single surfactants and mixtures by measuring the critical cell residue (CCR) in a hepatic fish cell line (PLHC‐1C) was investigated. The CCR values were determined using radiochemical methods to measure the test compound partitioning between media and cells at varying concentrations for three distinctly different surfactants (anionic, cationic, and nonionic) and their mixture. The cell median effective concentration (EC50) values for hexadecyltrimefhylammonium chloride (C 16 TMAC), dodecyl hexaethoxylate (C 12 E 6 ), and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (C 12 LAS) ranged from 2.9 to 163.3 μM, a 54‐fold difference. These cell EC50 values indicate that the cells are several‐fold less sensitive to surfactants than whole organisms are. However, based on cellular residue levels for each surfactant and their mixture, only an approximately threefold difference was observed with a range of 0.6 to 1.8 mmol/kg. These concentrations correspond closely to in vivo body burdens (0.2–8 mmol/kg) associated with nonpolar organic or narcosis‐acting compounds and their mixtures. The CCRs could provide an alternative and rapid technique to predict CBRs.