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Toxicity of herbicides in highway runoff
Author(s) -
Huang Xinjiang,
Fong Stephanie,
Deanovic Linda,
Young Thomas M.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
environmental toxicology and chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 171
eISSN - 1552-8618
pISSN - 0730-7268
DOI - 10.1897/04-174r.1
Subject(s) - oryzalin , clopyralid , selenastrum , glyphosate , toxicity , ceriodaphnia dubia , pesticide , ecotoxicology , aquatic toxicology , hexazinone , acute toxicity , biology , toxicology , environmental chemistry , environmental science , agronomy , chemistry , weed control , microtubule , organic chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology
Abstract Previous field monitoring at two highway sites found highway‐applied herbicides in storm water runoff at maximum concentrations ranging from 10 μg/L for glyphosate and diuron to as high as 200 μg/L for oryzalin. To determine whether these herbicides at these concentrations can cause any toxicity to aquatic organisms, a standard toxicity study was conducted. Storm water was collected along Highway 37, Sonoma County, California, USA, and the herbicides isoxaben, oryzalin, diuron, clopyralid, and glyphosate were spiked into the storm water at the highest concentrations observed during the five previous field‐monitoring campaigns. Three different toxicity studies were conducted and the results showed the following: No significant reduction in reproduction or increase in mortality relative to the control for an 8‐d Ceriodaphnia (water flea) toxicity test; no significant increase in mortality or decrease in biomass compared to the control during a 7‐d Pimephales (fish) toxicity test; and, in a 96‐h Selenastrum (algae) toxicity test, both the 10‐μg/L diuron treatment and the combined 50‐μg/L isoxaben plus 200‐μg/L oryzalin treatment produced significant ( p < 0.05) reductions in algal growth compared to the controls, although the 30‐μg/L clopyralid or 10‐μg/L glyphosate treatments did not exhibit any toxic effects.