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Plant community and soil chemistry responses to long‐term nitrogen inputs drive changes in alpine bacterial communities
Author(s) -
Yuan Xia,
Knelman Joseph E.,
Gasarch Eve,
Wang Deli,
Nemergut Diana R.,
Seastedt Timothy R.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.144
H-Index - 294
eISSN - 1939-9170
pISSN - 0012-9658
DOI - 10.1890/15-1160.1
Subject(s) - tundra , plant community , community structure , ecology , nutrient , species richness , microbial population biology , forb , environmental science , agronomy , ecosystem , biology , grassland , genetics , bacteria
Bacterial community composition and diversity was studied in alpine tundra soils across a plant species and moisture gradient in 20 yr‐old experimental plots with four nutrient addition regimes (control, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) or both nutrients). Different bacterial communities inhabited different alpine meadows, reflecting differences in moisture, nutrients and plant species. Bacterial community alpha‐diversity metrics were strongly correlated with plant richness and the production of forbs. After meadow type, N addition proved the strongest determinant of bacterial community structure. Structural Equation Modeling demonstrated that tundra bacterial community responses to N addition occur via changes in plant community composition and soil pH resulting from N inputs, thus disentangling the influence of direct (resource availability) vs. indirect (changes in plant community structure and soil pH ) N effects that have remained unexplored in past work examining bacterial responses to long‐term N inputs in these vulnerable environments. Across meadow types, the relative influence of these indirect N effects on bacterial community structure varied. In explicitly evaluating the relative importance of direct and indirect effects of long‐term N addition on bacterial communities, this study provides new mechanistic understandings of the interaction between plant and microbial community responses to N inputs amidst environmental change.