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Cascading effects of predator richness
Author(s) -
Bruno John F,
Cardinale Bradley J
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
frontiers in ecology and the environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.918
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1540-9309
pISSN - 1540-9295
DOI - 10.1890/070136
Subject(s) - species richness , trophic level , predator , ecology , biodiversity , ecosystem , context (archaeology) , predation , biology , population , paleontology , demography , sociology
Biologists have long known that predators play a key role in structuring ecological communities, but recent research suggests that predator richness – the number of genotypes, species, and functional groups that comprise predator assemblages – can also have cascading effects on communities and ecosystem properties. Changes in predator richness, including the decreases resulting from extinctions and the increases resulting from exotic invasions, can alter the composition, diversity, and population dynamics of lower trophic levels. However, the magnitude and direction of these effects are highly variable and depend on environmental context and natural history, and so are difficult to predict. This is because species at higher trophic levels exhibit many indirect, non‐additive, and behavioral interactions. The next steps in predator biodiversity research will be to increase experimental realism and to incorporate current knowledge about the functional role of predator richness into ecosystem management.