Open AccessIMMUNITY AND VACCINE PROPHYLAXIS IN ADULTS WITH INFECTION CAUSED BY VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS
Author(s) -
D. M. Polyakova,
Vladimir V. Nikiforov,
Murad Z. Shakhmardanov
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2411-3026
pISSN - 1560-9529
DOI - 10.18821/1560-9529-2019-24-2-84-87
Subject(s) - medicine , chemoprophylaxis , disease , immunology , immunodeficiency , vaccination , varicella zoster virus , varicella vaccine , immunity , adverse effect , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , immunization , immune system , pediatrics , virus
Due to the wide spread of herpesvirus infections and the increase in the number of diseases that inhibit the immune system, the modern course of infection caused by Varicella zoster has features. If earlier herpes zoster was considered a disease of the age of 60 years or more, now they are increasingly ill persons under 60 years. The article shows that groups of people with secondary immunodeficiency have a higher risk of reactivation of Varicella zoster. Patients with HIV infection, myeloma and other immunocompromising diseases are more likely to be affected by herpes zoster. The data of own researches confirming the existing data that the chronic pathology directly or indirectly influencing cellular immunity, in particular, on T-lymphocytes, is also risk of occurrence at the age of 60 years are given. Due to the fact that the infection caused by Varicella zoster, against the background of secondary immunodeficiency occurs in a more severe form than in persons who do not suffer from immunodeficiency, the prevention of relapses of the disease by vaccination and chemoprophylaxis are discussed. In accordance with the existing views, the indications for specific prevention in HIV-infected and cancer patients are described. Important criteria are indicators of CD4 levels of lymphocytes, the stage of the underlying disease and the time elapsed after the last course of chemotherapy. Since all registered vaccines against Varicella zoster are live attenuated - this increases the risk of adverse events. Prospects of creation and ways of increase of the combined immunopreparations are discussed.