Open AccessACTUAL ISSUES OF MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MELIOIDOSIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF IMPORTED CASES TO NON-ENDEMIC REGIONS
Author(s) -
И. Б. Захарова
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2411-3026
pISSN - 1560-9529
DOI - 10.18821/1560-9529-2018-23-3-126-133
Subject(s) - melioidosis , burkholderia pseudomallei , epidemiology , subtropics , tropics , southeast asia , geography , endemic diseases , china , disease , socioeconomics , environmental health , biology , medicine , ecology , ethnology , microbiology and biotechnology , history , pathology , bacteria , archaeology , genetics , sociology
. Melioidosis is a severe infection disease with the high mortality rate due to saprophytic bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. For the time present, the area of the distribution of the pathogen is much wider than in the case of the traditionally endemic Southeast Asia and Northern Australia and covers the humid tropics and subtropics of all continents. Methods. The search for data and analysis of disease cases in non-endemic areas for the period from 2003 to April 2017. Results. Over the past 15 years, 120 cases of melioidosis in non-endemic countries were described, that is 5,5 times higher than in the same previous period. There is no direct dependence of infection probability on the age and risk factors, but the presence of diabetes or chronic diseases doubles the risk of a fatal outcome of melioidosis. Southeast Asia still prevails as the origin of infection (62.5% of cases), however, the number of imported cases of melioidosis from Mexico, the Caribbean, South America, East Africa, Madagascar, China and the Pacific region begins to increase.