SOME FEATURES OF CHOLESTASIS IN CANCER PATIENTS IN THE COURSE O THE IMPAIRMENT OF LIVER FUNCTIONAL RESERVES

Purpose. To discuss the possible causes of discrepancies in results of laboratory and X-ray methods of diagnostics of surgical cholestasis without a concomitant dilatation of the bile ducts, as well as features of X-ray-surgical tactics in such cases. Material and methods. In 2015-2016, 271 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomies were performed, including 23 cases - on unexpanded bile ducts, 7 these cancer patients with the laboratory evidence of cholestasis. The criteria for the absence of dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts were considered as not only an obvious non-visualized biliary tree on ultrasound, but also the diameter of the peripheral intrahepatic bile ducts less than 2 mm, which must be significantly less than similar peripheral branches of the portal vein. Results.Outside bile-outflow was effective, but only in two cases it provided the relief due to cholestasis performance. In 3 cases, blood bilirubin levels decreased by more than half of the initial ones. 5 out of 7 patients after external drainage of unexpanded bile ducts had evident signs of the liver failure. Two patients with malignant lesions of the biliary tree and baseline bilirubinemia over 450 umol/L died because of progressive liver failure. Conclusion. Mechanical jaundice corresponds to the concept of surgical cholestasis, which is associated with surgical diseases stipulating the violation of the outflow of bile and requires biliary decompression. By reducing the functional reserves of liver surgical cholestasis may not be accompanied by the significant expansion of the bile duct, which can be considered as a predictor of hepatic failure, which nevertheless requires cholangiostomy.