Open AccessAbout unification of indices of the possibility of disease occurrence in risk assessment methodology and the determination of the probability of non-carcinogenic effects in toxicological-hygienic, clinical and epidemiological studies and according to data about health-seeking behavior
Author(s) -
Yury N. Katulskiy
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
gigiena i sanitariâ
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.275
H-Index - 13
eISSN - 2412-0650
pISSN - 0016-9900
DOI - 10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-10-998-1002
Subject(s) - carcinogen , epidemiology , environmental health , population , disease , toxicology , risk assessment , identification (biology) , medicine , epidemiological method , biology , computer science , pathology , genetics , botany , computer security
In the methodology for the assessment of the risk the possibility of the disease occurrence under the impact of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances is measured by different indices. This leads to the fact that within the single methodology there are used various scores for such similar index as the risk of the disease occurrence, as a result carcinogens and systemic toxicants happen to be inconsistent from this point of view. At the same time, unlike carcinogens risk indices for systemic toxicants do not allow to evaluate the number of possible diseases in the population during the corresponding period of time, because they contain no information about their probability. Obviously, from this point of view, the characteristics of carcinogenic risk have certain advantages. Therefore, noncarcinogenic risk should be assessed by the similar indices as carcinogenic ones. However, an obstacle to this is the fact that in toxicological-hygienic, clinical and epidemiological studies, according to the results of which there is determined the risk for systemic toxicants, the impact of non-lethal levels of the exposure is established not in separate individuals, as for carcinogens, but according to mean-group values of indices of the state of the body as the identification of the nonspecific effect under relatively non high doses (concentrations) in the single person is fairly difficult. Such data do not allow to estimate the probability of the break of the effect. Also the data concerning seeking for the medical help, considering repeated medical resource utilization due to protract diseases or afflictions occurring repeatedly in a person several times for the considered period of time fail to be the estimation of the probability for the disease occurrence. For the obtaining of the possibility of unification of the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic indices of risk in the paper there are presented methods for the determination of the probability of non-carcinogenic effects in toxicological-hygienic, clinical and epidemiological studies, as well as according to statistical data on the seeking for the medical help, taking into account the repeated appeals of the protract or re-emerging diseases.