Simulation of phenology, total nutrient uptake and grain yield of wheat under different irrigation and nitrogen application managements in Hisar, India using the DSSAT-CSM-CERES-Wheat model

The purpose of this study was the calibration and validation of DSSAT-CSM-CERES-Wheat model (v4.5) for wheat in Hisar conditions. The DSSAT-CSM-CERES-Wheat model was calibrated with the field experimental data of rabi 2010-11 having 3 levels of irrigation (I1-one irrigation at crown root initiation [CRI], I2- two irrigations at CRI and heading and I3- four irrigations at CRI, late tillering, heading and milking) and 5 nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N/ha) and validated with data of experiment rabi 2011-12 conducted at Hisar (29°10’ N and 75°46’ E). The model performance was evaluated using average error (Bias), root mean square error (RMSE), normalized root mean square error (nRMSE), index of agreement (d-stat) and coefficient of determination (r2), and it was observed that DSSAT-CSM-CERES-Wheat model was able to predict the phenology, total nutrient uptake and grain yield of wheat with reasonably good accuracy. The simulated results were within the permissible limit of the error (error % less than ±15).