The Family Law Status of a Parent: Some Issues of the Theory and Practice

The article considers the legal status of the parent as a special legal status determined by family law of the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the heterogeneity of the legal status of the parent and the possibility of distinguishing in it a number of independent, having their own characteristics, sub-statuses: the status of an adult and a minor parent, full and limited status of a parent, the status of a parent living together with a child, and a parent living separately from a child. The concept of parent is characterized, the need to determine it by indicating not only consanguinity, but the totality of legal facts or to establish the origin of the child. Parental rights and obligations are distinguished as elements of the family legal status of the parent, non-property and property rights, basic and derivative rights, non-property and property obligations of parents are analyzed. Given the existing approaches to determining the legal status and its structure, it is proposed to determine the family legal status of the parent. Measures are outlined to optimize the family-legal position of the parent in terms of ensuring the enforceability of the obligation to support the child and establishing the obligation to compensate for moral damage caused to the child and the other parent.