Open AccessEffects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormones in Patients with Asthenozoospermia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Author(s) -
Alireza Gheflati,
S. Ali Mirjalili,
Mojtaba Kaviani,
Amin SalehiAbargouei,
Elham HosseiniMarnani
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of nutrition and food security
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2476-7425
pISSN - 2476-7417
DOI - 10.18502/jnfs.v6i1.5298
Subject(s) - semen quality , medicine , asthenozoospermia , endocrinology , testosterone (patch) , sex hormone binding globulin , semen analysis , sperm , vitamin , male infertility , free androgen index , semen , placebo , sperm motility , infertility , biology , hormone , androgen , andrology , pregnancy , alternative medicine , pathology , genetics
Background: Animal models and observational studies have suggested a favorable role of vitamin D in male reproduction. However, randomized clinical trials investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on male fertility are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on semen quality, reproductive hormones, and anthropometric measurements in vitamin D deficient males with Asthenozoospermia.
Methods: Forty-four males with infertility were randomly assigned to the vitamin D group (DG, supplemented with 9 pearls of vitamin D containing 50000 IU vitamin D3 once a week for 12 weeks) and placebo group (PG, received 9 pearls of placebo once a week for 12 weeks). Semen quality markers (sperm count, morphology, sperm motility, semen volume), total testosterone, sexual hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), and anthropometric measurements (weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were measured at the baseline and the end of the study.
Results: Serum 25-OH-D levels were significantly higher in the DG compared with the PG. In a multivariate adjusted model, WC significantly decreased in the DG in comparison to the CG (-0.90 ± 0.67 cm VS 0.49 ± 0.38 cm). A marginally-significant increase was observed after vitamin D supplementation for SHBG compared to the baseline value in DG (11.69 ± 5.79, P = 0.05). Compared to the baseline value, sperm immotile was decreased after vitamin D supplementation in the DG (-12.35 ± 5.13, P = 0.02). However, no statistical significant differences were observed in the semen quality markers (sperm count, morphology, motility, and volume), total testosterone, free androgen index, and other anthropometric values.
Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation did not improve semen quality markers, reproductive hormones, and other anthropometric measurements in vitamin D–deficient infertile men compared to the control group.