Open AccessSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and seizure: An insight into the pathophysiologic mechanisms
Author(s) -
Shima Zareh-Shahamati,
Mahyar Noorbakhsh,
Hadi Digaleh,
Behnam Safarpour-Lima
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
current journal of neurology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2717-011X
DOI - 10.18502/cjn.v20i1.6379
Subject(s) - pathophysiology , medicine , cytokine storm , meningoencephalitis , coronavirus , central nervous system , hypoxemia , disease , respiratory system , covid-19 , neuroscience , immunology , pathology , biology , infectious disease (medical specialty)
Based on previous studies, seizure has been reported to accompany coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Underlying mechanisms are those leading to the direct central nervous system (CNS) invasion through hematogenous spread or trans-synaptic retrograde invasion, causing meningoencephalitis. On the other hand, there are pathophysiologic mechanisms that seizure would be one of their early consequences, such as cytokine storm, hypoxemia, metabolic derangement, and structural brain lesions. Herein, we focused on available evidence to provide an insight into the pathophysiologic mechanisms that link seizure and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, as a better understanding of pathophysiology would lead to better diagnosis and treatment.