Open AccessErythrocyte Plasmalemma and Its Changes During the Cell Lifespan
Author(s) -
Т. В. Боронихина,
Tatiana A. Lomanovskaya,
A. N. Yatskovskiĭ
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
žurnal anatomii i gistopatologii
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2225-7357
DOI - 10.18499/2225-7357-2021-10-2-62-72
Subject(s) - organelle , microbiology and biotechnology , homeostasis , intracellular , biology , red blood cell , biochemistry , cell , erythrocyte membrane , chemistry , membrane , biophysics
The article reviews literature on the organization of the erythrocyte plasmalemma and its rearrangements at different periods of the cell lifespan. In the absence of a nucleus and organelles, the plasmalemma is the only structural element of erythrocytes involved in all processes of their vital activity. The plasmalemma supports the disk-like shape of the erythrocyte, provides its ability to reversible deformation, maintains intracellular homeostasis, participates in gas transport and energy metabolism, also transfers hormones, enzymes, antibodies, medicines and other substances on its surface. The polyfunctionality of the plasmalemma is provided by the peculiarities of its lipid, protein, and carbohydrate composition, as well as by the presence of a unique cytoskeleto n, morphologically associated with the erythrocyte membrane. The plasmalemma has the substantial modifications during the erythrocyte lifespan, namely, in maturation of reticulocytes, in the processes of functioning, aging, and cell death. Biochemical rearrangements of the plasmalemma serve as triggers for events such as membrane vesiculation, eryptosis, and elimination of senescent erythrocytes by macrophages. Age-related changes in the erythrocyte plasmalemma are adoptive in nature and aimed at maintaining cellular homeostasis and functional activity of these formed elements during a four-month stay in the bloodstream.