Open AccessExtraction and Analysis of Methadone in Exhaled Breath Condensate Using a Validated LC-UV Method
Author(s) -
Maryam Khoubnasabjafari,
Khalil Ansarin,
Vahid Jouyban-Gharamaleki,
Vahid PanahiAzar,
Ali Shayanfar,
Laya Mohammadzadeh,
Abolghasem Jouyban
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.497
H-Index - 78
ISSN - 1482-1826
DOI - 10.18433/j3wk65
Subject(s) - chromatography , disperser , extraction (chemistry) , exhaled breath condensate , chloroform , chemistry , solvent , methadone , sample preparation , organic solvent , materials science , medicine , anesthesia , chemical engineering , engineering , organic chemistry , asthma , composite material
Purpose. A combined microextraction and separation method is presented for the determination of methadone in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) which is a promising non-invasive biological component for monitoring drug concentrations. Methods. In this work, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and ultrasonic liquid–liquid microextraction (ULLME) procedure coupled with a validated liquid chromatography method were used for analysis of methadone in EBC collected using an in-house cold trap setup. The method has been validated according to the FDA guidelines using EBC-spiked samples and tested on a number of EBC samples collected from patients. Results. The best DLLME conditions involved the use of a disperser solvent of methanol (1 mL), extraction solvent of chloroform (200 mL), EBC sample pH of 10.0 and centrifugation at 6000 rpm for 5 minutes. The conditions for ULLME were 150 mL of chloroform and the samples were sonicated for 4 minutes. The method was validated over the concentration range of 0.5–10 mg/L-1 in EBC. Inter- and intra-day precision and accuracy were less than 5 % where the acceptable levels are less than 20%. Furthermore, the validated method was successfully applied for the determination of methadone in patients’ EBC samples. Conclusions. The outcomes indicate that the developed LC-UV combined with DLLME and/or ULLME extraction methods can be employed for the extraction and separation of methadone in EBC samples. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.