Open AccessHomocysteine Levels Otherwise Display Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus
Author(s) -
Federico Cacciapuoti
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
integrative diabetes and cardiovascular diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2637-4587
DOI - 10.18314/idcd.v1i1.554
Subject(s) - homocysteine , medicine , resistin , diabetes mellitus , disease , incidence (geometry) , endocrinology , type 2 diabetes mellitus , risk factor , metabolic syndrome , insulin resistance , adipokine , physics , optics
Patients suffering for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) have 2 to 6-fold increase of cardiovascular complications. On the other hand, serum increase of total plasma homocysteine (HHcy) is an emerging risk factor for Cardio-Vascular Disease (CVD). A stronger association between DM and HHcy exists, even through the underlying pathogenetic mechanism remains unexplained. Thus, patients contemporary having DM and HHcy have a prevalence of CVD, whereas in those without HHcy, metabolic symptoms often prevail on cardiovascular complications. The possible causes of higher incidence of CVD in DM and HHcy in comparison to DM without HHcy were examined. The different Resistin expression from adipocytes between DM with and without HHcy seems to unlikely influence the incidence of CVD. Concerning that, two different variants of DM may be identify: one, characterized by prevalent metabolic symptoms (dysmetabolic form) and another, characterized by early and massive atherosclerotic symptoms (cardiovascular form).