Anaesthetic challenges and difficult airway in a child with Poland’s syndrome

: Poland’s syndrome is an uncommon clinical disorder with a typical musculoskeletal deformity of thorax and ipsilateral upper limb with a variable spectrum of associated anomalies. Although patients of this musculoskeletal disorder have several features with potential anaesthetic risks including malignant hyperthermia, previous reports about anaesthetic management of these patients are limited. : We report the successful anaesthetic management of a child of Poland’s syndrome posted for surgical correction of club foot who had an anticipated difficult airway alongwith unilateral chest wall defect with paradoxical breathing and ipsilateral syndactyly and hence, posing challenges in the insertion of endotracheal tube, ventilatory management, regional anaesthesia and prevention of any risk of development of malignant hyperthermia. Paramount in the anaesthetic care of such patients is a thorough preoperative evaluation and a cautious intraoperative anaesthetic management. Avoidance of halogenated inhalational agents and depolarising neuromuscular blocking drugs, and use of controlled ventilation and regional anaesthetic techniques are recommended. The possibility of a compromised airway should always be kept in mind while anaesthetising these patients.