Open AccessMechanisms and Managements of Influenza and its Related Pneumonia
Author(s) -
Masafumi Seki
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
medical research archives
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2375-1924
pISSN - 2375-1916
DOI - 10.18103/mra.v9i7.2496
Subject(s) - pneumonia , medicine , cytokine storm , vaccination , immunology , virus , influenza a virus , pneumococcal pneumonia , intensive care medicine , virology , microbiology and biotechnology , covid-19 , antibiotics , biology , streptococcus pneumoniae , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty)
Influenza have been a huge issue mainly in elderly people, particularly on the management of patients with pneumonia. The influenza-related pneumonia were generally divided in to two categories, such as primary influenza pneumonia and influenza-related bacterial pneumonia, respectively. The molecular mechanisms, including neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) might be contributed to severe influenza mediated through the ‘cytokine storms’, similar to COVID-19. Co-infection with influenza virus and bacteria were suggested to synergic, and also exacerbate the influenza. The importance of administration of anti- influenza, including Baloxavir, a novel anti-influenza agent, and preventive efforts centered on vaccinations combined with influenza and pneumococcal vaccines should be considered.