
Identification of Immunogenic Epitopes That Permit the Detection of Antigen-Specific T Cell Reponses to Coxsackievirus B3
Author(s) -
Troy Wesson,
Adeeba H Dhalech,
C. M. Robinson
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
proceedings of imprs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2641-2470
DOI - 10.18060/25812
Subject(s) - epitope , virology , antigen , biology , cd8 , t cell , immune system , coxsackievirus , cytotoxic t cell , major histocompatibility complex , antibody , virus , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , enterovirus , biochemistry , in vitro
Background and Hypothesis:Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a non-enveloped RNA virus from the Picornaviridae family and is a primary cause of viral myocarditis in the United States. Approximately 5% of all symptomatic CVB3 infections are fatal. Therefore, there is a need to identify the mechanism(s) that regulate a protective immune response to CVB3. However, viral epitopes that stimulate T cell responses to CVB3 remain poorly characterized. To this end, we used a mouse model of CVB3 infection to identify the viral immunogenic CD8 T cell epitopes. We hypothesized that isolated antigen-experienced CD8 T cells from infected mice would be stimulated in the presence of predicted viral epitopes, confirming CVB3-specific T cells.
Experimental Design: To identify novel CD8 T cell epitopes, predicted 9-mer MHC binding peptides from the CVB3-Nancy polyprotein were identified using the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) analysis resource consensus tool. The top ten predicted peptides were synthesized for our assays. Splenocytes from CVB3-infected male and female IFNAR -/- mice were stimulated with each peptide in the presence of brefeldin A for 6 hours at 37˚C. Following stimulation, cells were surfaced stained with antibodies specific for antigen-experienced CD8 T cells. Next, we performed intracellular staining for IFN-gamma. Cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Candidate epitopes were identified as having results ≥2 standard deviations over the control.
Results: Thus far, our analysis has revealed responses to three novel CD8 T cell epitopes within the peptide library, including the viral epitopes within VP1 protein and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
Conclusion and Potential ImpactOverall, these data provide an advancement in CVB3 immunology. Further, these data generate new tools like MHC-tetramers to track endogenous T cell responses to CVB3 infection.