El Estado hobbesiano: una mirada desde la filosofía de Judith Butler

Este documento se propone revisar el proceso de conformación del Estado propuesto por Hobbes, según el cual fue necesario establecer un pacto inicial entre los hombres para ceder la administración de la justicia a un tercero. Esta revisión se realizará a partir de los términos teóricos propuestos por la filósofa norteamericana Judith Butler, quien considera que la naturalización del Estado (en tanto institución reguladora de los vínculos sociales), se obtiene en virtud de la “citación iterativa” de actos performativos (la repetición ritualizada de actos, gestos y discursos) que naturalizan estas convenciones y difuminan lo artificioso de los mismos.This paper reviews the founding process of the State proposed by Hobbes, according to which it was necessary for men to establish an initial contract between them in order to transfer justice administration to a third party. The review rises from the theoretical terms proposed by the American philosopher Judith Butler, who believes that the naturalization of the State, as a regulatory body of social relations, is assimilated under the “iterative citation” of performative acts, i.e. the ritualized act repetition, gestures and speeches that naturalize these conventions and fade out affectations. The State, represented as the sovereign who exercises control and maintain domination using rules and power, is established on the naturalized acts of a hypothetical introductory momentum that turns fear into peace, discordance in agreement, and conflict into stillness. Such a momentum of mythical character would precisely be the one which would place the fundamentals of modern political practice, as it accepts, as a normal act, that fright and disbelief are the forces which drive human society