Keanekaragaman Jenis Meranti (Shorea spp.) di Hutan Arul Relem Kecamatan Pining Kabupaten Gayo Lues

Abstrak. Hutan Arul Relem merupakan salah satu hutan lindung di Kecamatan Pining, Kabupaten Gayo Lues yang memiliki flora dan fauna. Salah satu flora yang terdapat di Hutan Arul Relem adalah meranti. Keanekaragaman jenis meranti di Hutan Arul Relem belum diketahui. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman jenis meranti (Shorea spp.) yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, mengetahui indeks nilai penting, mengetahui indeks keanekaragaman, dan menentukan status konservasi jenis meranti berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-undangan Indonesia dan IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) di Hutan Arul Relem. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode garis berpetak. Terdapat 4 transek dengan panjang 180 m, jarak antar transek 50 m. pada setiap transek terdapat 5 plot contoh dengan ukuran 20 m x 20 m yang diletakkan pada masing-masing transek, jarak antarplot dalam transek 20 m. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 4 jenis meranti di Hutan Arul Relem yaitu Shorea platyclados, Shorea leprosula, Shorea sumatrana dan Shorea parvifolia. Indeks nilai penting jenis meranti paling tinggi tingkat semai terdapat pada Shorea sumatrana (INP: 77,71%), tingkat pancang yaitu Shorea platyclados (INP: 125%), tingkat tiang yaitu Shorea sumatrana (INP: 221,75%), tingkat pohon yaitu Shorea platyclados (INP: 112,42%). Indeks keanekaragaman jenis meranti di Hutan Arul Relem pada tingkat semai 1,33, pancang 0,56, tiang 0,56 dan tingkat pohon 1,16. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman jenis meranti pada tingkat semai dan pohon dikategorikan sedang melimpah, sedangkan pada tingkat pancang dan tiang dikategorikan rendah. Empat jens meranti di Hutan Arul Relem, Kecamatan Pining tercantum dalam red list IUCN dengan kategori endangered, least concern, dan near threatened.Abstract. Arul Relem Forest is a protected forest in Pining Sub-Regency, Gayo Lues Regency which has a flora and fauna. One of the flora in Arul Relem Forest is meranti. The diversity of meranti species in the Arul Relem Forest is not yet known. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research on the diversity meranti species (Shorea spp.) in the Arul Relem Forest with the aim of identifying, knowing the importance value index, knowing the diversity of index, and determining the conservation status of meranti species based on Indonesian laws and regulations and IUCN (International Union for Conservation of nature) in the Arul Relem Forest. The method used in this research is the line-transect method. There are 4 transects with a length of 180 m with the distance between transects of 50 m. On each transects there are 5 sample plots with a size of 20 m x 20 m which are placed on each transects with 20 m distance between plots in the transect. Based on the result of the study, 4 types of meranti are found in the Arul Relem Forest, namely Shorea platyclados, Shorea leprosula, Shorea sumatrana, and Shorea parvifolia. The highest importance index of meranti species at the seedling level was found in Shorea sumatrana (IVI:77,71%), at the sapling level was found in Shorea platycaldos (IVI:125%), at the pole level was Shorea sumatrana (IVI:221,75%), and at tree level was Shorea platyclados (IVI:112,42%). Meranti species diversity index in Arul Relem Forest was 1,33 at the seedling level, 0,56 at the sapling level, 0,56 at the pole level, and 1,16 at the tree level. This shows that the diversity of meranti species at the seedling and tree levels is categorized as moderately abundant, while the sapling and pole level are categorized as low. Four of meranti species in Arul Relem Forest, Pining Sub-Regency are listed on the IUCN red list with the categories of endangered, least concern, and near threatened.