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Potensi Cendawan Entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Isolat Lokal) dalam Mengendalikan Hama Ordo Coleoptera
Author(s) -
Mentari Rahayu,
Susanna Susanna,
Hasnah Hasnah
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
jurnal ilmiah mahasiswa pertanian
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2615-2878
pISSN - 2614-6053
DOI - 10.17969/jimfp.v6i2.17183
Subject(s) - beauveria bassiana , biology , horticulture , botany , biological pest control
Abstrak. Entomopatogen adalah mikroorganisme yang berkemampuan menimbulkan penyakit pada serangga, antara lain virus, bakteri, cendawan, protozoa dan nematoda. Salah satu spesies cendawan entomopatogen yang berpotensi sebagai agens hayati pengendali serangga hama adalah Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin. Tribolium castaneaum, Tenebrio molitor, Sitophilus oryzae termasuk serangga ordo Coleoptera dan merupakan hama utama biji-bijian di penyimpanan. Tujuan dari peneltian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari cendawan entomopatogen B. bassiana isolat lokal dalam mengendalikan serangga hama ordo Coleoptera. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial yang terdiri dari 12 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 36 unit percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi cendawan entomopatogen B. bassiana berpengaruh nyata terhadap masa inkubasi, mortalitas, dan rata-rata waktu kematian hama ordo Coleoptera. Masa inkubasi tercepat pada imago S. oryzae dengan konsentrasi 15g/100ml yaitu 6,67 hari dan terlama pada imago S. oryzae dan T. castaneaum dengan konsentrasi 5g/100ml yaitu 9,00 hari. Mortalitas tertinggi yaitu pada 10g/100ml sebesar 77,5% dan terendah pada 15g/100ml sebesar 56,66% pada pengamatan 7 HSA. Mortalitas tertinggi terjadi pada imago S. oryzae sebesar 84,45% dan terendah  pada larva T. castaneaum sebesar 56,66%. Rata-rata waktu kematian tercepat pada perlakuan 15g/100ml yaitu 3,40 hari dan terlama pada perlakuan 10g/100ml yaitu 4,65 hari. Rata-rata waktu kematian tercepat pada larva T. castaneaum yaitu 3,40 hari dan terlama pada imago S. oryzae 5,07 hari. Dengan demikian cendawan entomopatogen B. bassiana efektif dalam mengendalikan hama ordo Coleoptera.The Potencial of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Local Isolate) in Controlling Pests of the Order ColeopteraAbstract. Entomopathogens are microorganisms that have the ability to cause disease in insects, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and nematodes. One of the entomopathogenic fungi species that has the potential as biological agents to control insect pests is Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin. Tribolium castaneaum, Tenebrio molitor, and Sitophilus oryzae belong to the order Coleoptera and are the main pests of stored grain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana local isolates in controlling insect pests of the order Coleoptera. This study used a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 12 treatments with 3 replications so that there were 36 experimental units. The results showed that the application of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana had a significant effect on the incubation period, mortality, and the average time of death for the Coleoptera pests. The fastest incubation period in S. oryzae imago with a concentration of 15g / 100ml was 6.67 days and the longest was in S. oryzae and T. castaneaum imago with a concentration of 5g / 100ml, namely 9.00 days. The highest mortality was at 10g / 100ml at 77.5% and the lowest at 15g / 100ml at 56.66% at 7 HSA observations. The highest mortality occurred in S. oryzae imago of 84.45% and the lowest was in T. castaneaum larvae of 56.66%. The fastest mean time of death in 15g / 100ml treatment was 3.40 days and the longest was in 10g / 100ml treatment which was 4.65 days. The fastest mean time of death for T. castaneaum larvae was 3.40 days and the longest was 5.07 days for S. oryzae imago. Thus, the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana is effective in controlling pests of the order Coleoptera.

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