Pengaruh Dosis Mikoriza Jenis Glomus mossae Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) merill)

Abstrak Untuk menganalisa dosis mikoriza dan beberapa varietas perlu dilakukan penelitian terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai yang ditanam. Adapun penelitian ini diadakan di kebun percobaan, Fakultas Pertanian dan Laboratorium Biologi Tanah, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari April - November 2019. Dipenelitian ini menggunakan Rancang yang diacak berkelompok pola faktorial memilik factor sebanyak 2 dan ulangan yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 3. Pertama yaitu faktor dosis pupuk mikoriza (D) terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu D0 = 0 g dengan carier zeolit, D1 = 5 g dengan carier zeolit, D2 = 10 g dengan carier zeolit D3 = 15 g dengan carier zeolit. Faktor kedua yaitu beberapa varietas yang terdiri dari 3 taraf  yaitu V1 = Kipas Merah, V2 = Anjasmoro, V3 = Dering.  Sehingga didapatkan 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan percobaan terbagi dalam dua unit, sehingga terdapat 72 satuan unit percobaan. Adapun diamati meliputi umur berbunga (hari), tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah cabang (cabang), jumlah cabang produktif (cabang), jumlah polong per tanaman (polong), jumlah polong bernas per tanaman (polong), jumlah bji per tanaman (biji), bobot biji per tanaman (g), bobot 100 biji per tanaman  (g) dan persentase akar terkolonisasi mikoriza (%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dosis mikoriza berpengaruh sangat nyata pada paremeter persentase akar terkolonisasi mikoriza serta berpengaruh nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman umur  21 , 28 dan 42 HST. Dosis mikoriza 10 g dengan carier zeolit menunjukkan nilai terbaik pada parameter tinggi tanaman 42 HST (51,67 cm), persentase akar terkolonisasi mikoriza (47,02 %). Dosis mikoriza 15 g dengan carier zeolit menunjukkan nilai terbaik pada parameter tinggi tanaman umur 21 HST (23,44 cm), 28 HST (28,78 cm). Perlakuan beberapa varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman umur 21 HST, jumlah cabang umur 21, 28, 35, dan 42 HST, jumlah cabang produktif, bobot biji pertanaman, bobot 100 biji, serta berpengaruh nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman umur  28 dan 35 HST. Varietas Anjasmoro menunjukkan nilai terbaik pada parameter tinggi tanaman umur 21 HST ( 23,75 cm), 28 HST (29,42 cm), 35 HST (36,42 cm), berat biji per tanaman (9,63 g) dan bobot 100 biji (14,73 g). Varietas Kipas Merah menunjukkan nilai terbaik pada parameter jumlah cabang umur 21 HST (4,58 cabang), 28 HST (5,25 cabang), 35 HST (5,58 cabang), 42 HST (5,92 cabang),  dan jumlah cabang  produktif (5,67 cabang). Terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara dosis mikoriza dan varietas terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman umur 21, 28, 35 HST dan jumlah polong bernas per tanaman. Perlakuan dosis mikoriza 15 g dengan carier zeolit dengan varietas Anjasmoro merupakan kombinasi perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan parameter tinggi tanaman umur 21 HST (28,33 cm), 28 HST (34,33 cm), dan 35 HST (42,00 cm).Effect of Mychorrhizal Doses and Type Glomus mossaea on the Growth and Yield of Several Soybean Varieties (Glycine max (L.) Merill)Abstract. The study aims to determine the effect of mychorrizal doses and several varieties on the growth and yield of soybean plants. The study was conducted at Experimental garden, Faculty of Agriculture and Soil Biology Laboratory, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. The research was conducted from April to November 2019. This study used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors and 3 replications.the first factor is mychorryzal doses (D) consisting of four levels, namely D0 = 0 g with zeolit zeolit, D1 = 5 g with zeolit carier, D2 = 10 g with zeolite carier D3 = 15 g with zeolit carier. The second factor is several of variety (V) soybean with three levels, namely V1 = Kipas Merah, V2 = Anjasmoro, V3 = Dering. Thus there are 12 treatment combinations and the experiment is divided into 2 units, so that there are 72 of experimental units. The parameters observed were flowering age (day), plant height (cm) and number of branches (branch), number of productive branches (branch), number of plant pods (pod), number of pods contain (pod), number of plant beans (bean), plant beans weight (g), weight of 100 beans (g), and percentage of mychorrhizal colonized roots (%).The results of this study indicate that of mychorizzal doses has a very significant effect on the percentage of mychorrhizal colonized roots as well as a significant effect on plant height benchmarks aged 21, 28 and 42 DAP. Mychorizzal doses 10 g(zeolit)/plant shows the best value on plant height benchmarks aged 42 DAP (51.67 cm),  percentage of mychorrhizal colonized roots (47.02 %). Mychorizzal doses 15 g(zeolit)/plant shows the best value on plant height benchmarks aged 21 DAP (23.44 cm), 28 DAP (28.78 cm). The treatment of several varieties had very significant effects on plant height benchmarks aged 21 DAP, number of branches (branch) aged 21 DAP, 28 DAP, 35 DAP, and 42 DAP, number of productive branches (branch), plant beans weight (g), weight of 100 beans (g), as well as a significant effect on plant height benchmarks aged 28 and 35 DAP. Anjasmoro variety shows the best value on plant height benchmarks aged 21 DAP (23.75 cm), 28 DAP (29.42 cm), 35 DAP (36.42 cm), plant beans weight (9.63 g), weight of 100 beans (14.73 g). Kipas Merah variety shows the best value on number of branches benchmarks aged 21 DAP (4.58 branch), 28 HST (5,25 branch), 35 HST (5,58 branch), 42 HST (5,92 branch), and number of productive branches (5,67 branch). There is a real interaction between the mychorizzal doses and varieties of plant height bencmarks aged 21, 28, 35 HST and number of pods contain (pod). Treatment of mychorizzal doses 15 g(zeolit)/plant with Anjasmoro variety is the best combination of treatments based on palnt height benchmarks aged 21 HST (28,33 cm), 28 HST (34,33 cm), and 35 HST (42,00 cm).