Open AccessRole of pancreatic amyloidosis in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Author(s) -
А. Я. Гудкова,
Гудкова Александра Яковлевна,
O. I. Antimonova,
Антимонова Ольга Игоревна,
M. M. Shavlovsky,
Шавловский Михаил Михайлович
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
medicinskij akademičeskij žurnal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2687-1378
pISSN - 1608-4101
DOI - 10.17816/maj19227-36
Subject(s) - amylin , pathogenesis , amyloidosis , type 2 diabetes mellitus , medicine , amyloid (mycology) , pancreas , hormone , endocrinology , diabetes mellitus , hypoglycemia , pancreatic islets , insulin , disease , type 2 diabetes , islet , bioinformatics , biology , pathology
The occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in developed countries is currently becoming epidemic primarily due to the changes in quality of life. This disease typically makes progress for a long time, and its clinical pattern is mostly related to various micro- and macrovascular complications. In addition to said complications the pancreas itself often undergoes damage associated with amyloid formation in islets of Langerhans which results in a toxic effect on the hormone-producing islet cells. Ultimately, hormone overproduction in T2DM shifts to hormone deficiency. The crucial causative factor of the development of pancreatic amyloidosis in T2DM is а short peptide hormone, amylin (IAPP), which is cosecreted with insulin and considered to be a kind of insulin antagonist. The present review reports structure, functions and amyloidogenic properties of human IAPP. The basic concepts of molecular and cellular aspects concerning pathogenesis of pancreatic amyloidosis have been provided. Patterns of the development of pancreatic amyloid lesions and possible approaches for early diagnosis and treatment of this significant complication of T2DM have been discussed.