Open AccessLipopolysaccharides/endotoxins of gram-negative bacteria: their role in the development of intoxication
Author(s) -
Naira Gyulazyan,
Olga Belaia,
V. A Malovv,
Paks. Grigor'evich G,
E. V Volchkova
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2411-3026
pISSN - 1560-9529
DOI - 10.17816/eid40764
Subject(s) - chemokine , immune system , septic shock , bacteria , microbiology and biotechnology , immunology , lipopolysaccharide , serology , gram negative bacteria , biology , sepsis , antibody , biochemistry , escherichia coli , genetics , gene
Numerous clinical and experimental studies allow us to consider bacterial endotoxins as the main factors inducing the development of intoxication syndrome in infectious and non-infectious diseases. LPS is themajor structural component of Gram-negative bacteria; its effect on the body is related to all the objective clinical manifestations of intoxication. The activation of immune cells by LPS results in the release of inflammatory mediators: cytokines, chemokines, enzymes, eicosanoids, adhesion agents and free radicals that are responsible for the progression of inflammatory reactions and may induce pathophysiological processes including septic shock. Currently, various techniques are developed and used for endotoxin /LPS determinationin biological environmentsthat are based both on detection of its serological markers and registration of its biological effects.